{"id":6296,"date":"2026-06-16T15:27:34","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T14:27:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klipklaar.nl\/geen-onderdeel-van-een-categorie\/public-design-needs-to-become-institutionalized\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T10:48:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T09:48:47","slug":"public-design-needs-to-become-institutionalized","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/klipklaar.nl\/en\/promoklip-en\/public-design-needs-to-become-institutionalized\/","title":{"rendered":"Public design needs to become institutionalized"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Last week I was in Edinburgh at the Design Research Society conference<\/a>. DRS is the largest international conference in the field of design research. And this time, there was also a special track dedicated to public design\u2014my area of focus\u2014that ran throughout the week. <\/p>\n\n

I was there myself to present my paper on human-centered design in government. But I also attended a lot of other presentations, and I really enjoyed seeing what others were doing. <\/p>\n\n

In no time at all, you\u2019ll form a little group with other PhD students and researchers, and you\u2019ll even have dinner with them after the presentations. Usually, I\u2019m sitting alone at my desk working, so I don\u2019t really get to see what other PhD students are working on. This time, there were researchers from Erasmus, Eindhoven, the VU, and, of course, a whole bunch from Delft. <\/p>\n\n

In this blog post, I\u2019ll share a brief overview of what I took away from the presentations.<\/p>\n\n

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Want to follow my research and never miss a blog post? Subscribe to my monthly newsletter<\/a>. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n

Public design seeks legitimacy<\/h2>\n\n

At a conference like this, an enormous number of papers are presented, so you quickly start looking for the ones that interest you most. My own research focuses on how human-centered design can be embedded in government as a method for creating services that benefit people. <\/p>\n\n

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That was also the topic of the paper I presented myself: \u201cFrom Lab to Line: Mechanisms for Anchoring Human-Centered Design in Public Policy and Service Development.\u201d I\u2019ll be posting an easy-to-read summary on this blog soon. If you can\u2019t wait, you can download it here<\/a>. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n

I soon noticed a pattern in what I was taking away from the other presentations. They were all really about the same question: How can design gain legitimacy in the public sector? <\/p>\n\n

So: Who is actually allowed to design here, on whose behalf, based on what, and how does that relate to policy, politics, institutions, and democratic decision-making?<\/p>\n\n

The government operates within the framework of public values, political decisions, laws, implementing agencies with their own systems, lines of accountability, and people who cannot always choose whether or not to use a service. That is what makes public design interesting, but also complicated. <\/p>\n\n

While in recent years the focus has often been on the differences between design and the civil service, and on how we can help civil servants work in a more \u201cdesigner-like\u201d way, the discussion now also turned to something else: how design itself must change to fit into the public sector.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Edinburgh – behind the scenes: the irresistible urge to head straight up a mountain as soon as you spot one. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

Not another design gathering dust in a drawer<\/h2>\n\n

Geert Brinkman and Elke Wennekers from Erasmus Rotterdam presented a paper with the fantastic title: \u201cNot another design that ends up in a drawer.\u201d<\/a> Their paper explores how designers try to gain legitimacy for the outcomes of their work\u2014not just for the design approach itself, but for what results from it: a proposal, an intervention, a new process, or a new perspective on the problem. They identified various mechanisms designers use to achieve this. For example, by making something conceivable or by aligning with the language and values that people in the organization are already familiar with. <\/p>\n\n

Designers sometimes think that the quality of their insights is enough on its own. \u201cLook, this is what citizens are experiencing.\u201d But in a public organization, such insights need to be put into practice somewhere. With a manager. In a policy process. In a decision-making chain. In a budget. In a team that will eventually have to implement it. <\/p>\n\n

So a good design is not automatically a legitimate design. You must be able to explain why this design aligns with the organization\u2019s mission, the law, the political mandate, and the people who will be working with it. <\/p>\n\n

Viewing Design Through a Policy Lens<\/h2>\n\n

Another paper they wrote, together with Jotte de Koning and Arwin van Buuren, was about how to apply policy models to design<\/a>. I thought that was an interesting twist. We often do it the other way around. We try to explain to policymakers what design is. Then we bring up \u201cdesignerly ways of knowing,\u201d double diamonds, reframing, co-creation, iteration, abduction, and prototypes. Using words like these often creates a sense of distance. It quickly turns into: \u201cWe designers are here to explain how the public sector needs to change.\u201d <\/p>\n\n

Elke explained that policymaking itself is also a form of design. You try to transform an existing situation into a desired one. You weigh values. You devise tools. You try to influence behavior, organizations, and systems. You work with uncertainty. You make choices without knowing everything for certain. <\/p>\n\n

In the paper, they use perspectives from public administration to examine systemic design: rational, political, cultural, and institutional. This sheds light on why design sometimes clashes in policy contexts. For example, something must be substantiated and justifiable, align with interests and power dynamics, be meaningful to the groups involved, and fit within countries\u2019 routines, rules, and existing ways of working. <\/p>\n\n

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Edinburgh – Behind the Scenes: We did it!<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

That evening, over dinner, we also talked about \u201csilent design\u201d: design that happens without anyone actually calling it design. I see that a lot in my own practice, too. Policymakers, implementers, and lawyers are constantly designing. They create regulations, forms, work processes, exceptions, consultation structures, service counters, letters, and dashboards. They just don\u2019t usually call it \u201cdesign.\u201d <\/p>\n\n

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I previously wrote a blog post here titled \u201cSilent Designers and Fluid Team Boundaries<\/a> \u201d about how I see this concept of \u201csilent design\u201d reflected in my case study. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n

In short: sometimes designers don’t need to explain what design is more thoroughly, but rather need to better understand what policy is. <\/p>\n\n

So what exactly does design contribute?<\/h2>\n\n

Amy Hyewon Lee from the UK presented a paper on how to understand the role of design in policymaking<\/a>. This is an important question, because design is increasingly being used in policy contexts, but it remains difficult to demonstrate exactly what benefits it brings. <\/p>\n\n

I recognize that, too. Sometimes you can point to a design approach that has brought about a change, but it\u2019s almost never as simple as saying, \u201cThis one workshop made this policy better.\u201d That\u2019s not how policy works. And neither does design, for that matter. <\/p>\n\n

Policy-making is messy. There are multiple influences at play simultaneously. Political timing. Media attention. Budget. Legislation. Organizations that may or may not go along with the changes. People who leave. People who keep pushing. A study that suddenly comes at just the right time. A prototype that suddenly shifts the conversation. <\/p>\n\n

That is why Amy emphasizes the distinction between attribution and contribution. It\u2019s not a matter of saying, \u201cDesign caused this.\u201d Rather, it\u2019s a matter of asking, \u201cWhere and how did design contribute?\u201d <\/p>\n\n

That\u2019s a much better question. It takes design out of the realm of \u201cjust another fun method\u201d and places it at the heart of the question of how policy is developed. Design then becomes a way to organize knowledge, collaboration, coherence, and change. <\/p>\n\n

Public design needs to become more public<\/h2>\n\n

This theme also came up in other presentations. Saskia Pouwels from Eindhoven, for example, demonstrated (in a beautifully animated presentation) how citizen participation can get bogged down by project logic<\/a>: there\u2019s a schedule, a deadline, and a specific point in time by which \u201cinput\u201d must be gathered, whereas people, communities, and democratic processes don\u2019t always operate on a project timeline. My own paper, on the other hand, focused on how human-centered design can become part of the day-to-day operations of government organizations, moving beyond innovation labs and temporary projects. <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
Edinburgh\u2014behind the scenes: there I was, standing in that little room. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

In Edinburgh, I noticed that public design is shifting as a result. Design methods and a \u201cdesignerly\u201d approach remain relevant, but the conversation is broadening. It\u2019s less and less about how to do design in the public sector, and more about how design should relate to legitimacy, policy, power, and democratic processes. I think that\u2019s cool. <\/p>\n\n

Because if designers in the public sector want to be taken seriously, we must do more than just demonstrate that we can work with empathy, creativity, and an iterative approach. We must also understand what public organizations are built on. Why legitimacy matters. Why political decisions are sometimes already made. Why implementation can\u2019t simply deviate from the plan. Why accountability is necessary. And why \u201cputting the user first\u201d isn\u2019t automatically the same as public value. <\/p>\n\n

So perhaps the next step for public design isn\u2019t for the public sector to learn to speak more like designers, but for designers to become bureaucrats<\/em>\u2014as we so elegantly put it in government circles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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